ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ -Karnataka
The traditional folk arts cover the entire gamut of music, dance, drama, storytelling by itinerant troupes, etc. Yakshagana of Malnad and coastal Karnataka, a classical dance drama, is one of the major theatrical forms of Karnataka. Contemporary theatre culture in Karnataka remains vibrant with organizations like Ninasam, Ranga Shankara, Rangayana and Prabhat Kalavidaru continuing to build on the
foundations laid by Gubbi Veeranna, Prasanna and others.Veeragase, Kamsale, Kolata and Dollu Kunitha are popular dance forms. The Mysore style of Bharatanatya nurtured and popularised by the
likes of the legendary Jatti Tayamma continues to hold sway in Karnataka and Bangalore also enjoys an eminent place as one of the foremost centers of Bharatanatya.The Kannada language is the official
language of the state, the native language of approximately 65% of its population and one of the classical languages of India.
കേരള-Kerala
Kerala is an established tourist destination for both Indians and non-Indians alike. Kerala is popular for
its beaches, backwaters, mountain ranges and wildlife sanctuaries. The city of Kochi ranks first in the
total number of international and domestic tourists in Kerala.Some of the other popular tourist
destinations are the beaches at Kovalam, Varkala, Cherai, backwaters at Alappuzha and Kumarakom,
hill stations in Munnar, Wayanad, Nelliampathi, Vagamon, and national parks and wildlife sanctuaries such as Periyar and Eravikulam National Park. Kerala's culture was elaborated upon through centuries
of contact with neighboring and overseas cultures.Kollavarsham or Malayalam Era, which is assumed to have been established by King Udaya Marthanda Varma in 825 CE, serves as the official calendar of
Kerala. Spoken language is malayalam.
தமிழ்நாடு - Tamilnadu
Tamil Nadu has a long tradition of venerable culture. Tamil Nadu is known for its rich tradition of
literature, music and dance which continue to flourish today. Unique cultural features like
Bharatanatyam (dance), Tanjore painting, and Tamil architecture were developed and continue to be practised in Tamil Nadu.Tamil is the only official language of Tamil Nadu. English is also in common
usage as an official language of India.Pongal, also called as Tamizhar Thirunaal (festival of Tamils) or
Makara Sankranti elsewhere in India, a four-day harvest festival is one of the most widely celebrated festivals throughout
Tamil Nadu. Tamils have a large number of folk dances. These are performed for every possible occasion,
to celebrate the arrival of seasons, birth of a child, weddings and festivals. Tamil dance is closely intertwined with the Tamil theatrical tradition. The most celebrated of these is karakattam. In its religious form, the dance is performed in front of an image of the goddess Mariamman.
ఆంద్ర ప్రదేశ్ -Andhra Pradesh:
Just like in other parts of the country, many festivals are celebrated in Andhra Pradesh, which include - Ugadi, Sankranthi, Dasara, Varalakshmi Vratham, Vinayaka Chavithi, Deepavali,Batukamma, Rakhi poornima, Christmas, Sri Rama Navami, Bonalu, Maha Shivaratri, Nagula Chaviti, Holi, Eid ul-Fitr,
Eid al-Adha, Muharram, Milad-un-Nabi etc.Classical dance in Andhra can be performed by both men and women; women tend to learn it more often. Kuchipudi is the state's best-known classical dance form. The various dance forms that existed through the state's history are Bonalu, Dappu, Chenchu
Bhagotham, Kuchipudi, Bhamakalapam, Burrakatha, Veeranatyam, Butta bommalu, Tappeta Gullu, Lambadi, Dhimsa, Kolattam, and Chindu. Jaanapadam theenmar is a popular folk dance.
बिहार- Bihar:
The age in which true history appeared in India was one of great intellectual and spiritual ferment. Mystics and sophists of all kinds roamed through the Ganges Valley, all advocating some form of mental discipline and asceticism as a means to salvation; but the age of the Buddha, when many
of the best minds were abandoning their homes and professions for a life of asceticism, was also
a time of advance in commerce and politics. It produced not only philosophers and ascetics, but also merchant princes and men of actionwhile the majority of the people speak one of the Bihari languages – Maithili, Angika, Magadhi or Bhojpuri . Presently Bihari languages are considered one of the five subgroups of Hindi.Madhubani painting is a style of Indian painting practiced in the Mithila region of Bihar,where powdered rice is colored and is stuck.Chhath, also called Dala Chhath – is an ancient and major festival in Bihar, and is celebrated twice a year: once in the summers, called the Chaiti Chhath, and once around a week after Deepawali, called the Kartik Chhath. The latter is more popular because winters are the usual festive season in
North India, and Chhath being an arduous observance requiring the worshippers to fast without water for more than 24 hours, is easier to do in the Indian winters. Chhath is the worship of the
Sun God. Wherever people from Bihar have migrated, they have taken with them the tradition of Chhath.
বাংলা -West Bengal
The Bengali language boasts a rich literary heritage, shared with neighbouring Bangladesh. West
Bengal has a long tradition in folk literature, evidenced by the Charyapada, Mangalkavya,
Shreekrishna Kirtana, Thakurmar Jhuli, and stories related to Gopal Bhar. In the nineteenth and
twentieth century, Bengali literature was modernized in the works of authors such as Bankim
Chandra Chattopadhyay, Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Rabindranath Tagore,
Kazi Nazrul Islam, Sharat Chandra Chattopadhyay, Jibananda Das and Manik Bandyopadhyay. In
modern times Jibanananda Das, Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay, Tarashankar Bandopadhyay,
Manik Bandopadhyay, Ashapurna Devi, Shirshendu Mukhopadhyay, Buddhadeb Guha, Mahashweta Devi,
Samaresh Majumdar, Sanjeev Chattopadhyay and Sunil Gangopadhyay among others are
well known.The Baul tradition is a unique heritage of Bengali folk music, which has also been
influenced by regional music traditions. Other folk music forms include Gombhiraand Bhawaiya.
Folk music in West Bengal is often accompanied by the ektara, a one-stringed instrument. West Bengal
also has an heritage in North Indian classical music.
"Rabindrasangeet", songs composed and set into tune by Rabindranath Tagore and "Nazrul geeti"
(by Kazi Nazrul
Islam) are popular. Also prominent are other musical forms like Dwijendralal, Atulprasad and Rajanikanta
's songs, and "adhunik" or modern music from films and other composers.Durga Puja in October is the
most popular festival in the West Bengal.Poila Baishakh (the Bengali New Year), Rathayatra, Dolyatra or
Basanta-Utsab, Nobanno, Poush Parbon (festival of Poush), Kali Puja, SaraswatiPuja,
LaxmiPuja, Christmas, Eid ul-Fitr, Eid ul-Adha and Muharram are other major festivals.
অসম - Assam:
Assamese and Bodo are the major indigenous and official languages while Bengali holds official status in the three districts in the Barak Valley and is the second most widely spoken language of the state (27%).Some of the common and unique cultural traits in the region are peoples' respect towards areca-nut and betel leaves, symbolic (Gamosa, Arnai etc.), traditional silk garments and towards forefathers and elderly. Moreover, great hospitality and Bamboo culture are common.There are diversified important traditional festivals in Assam. Bihu is the most important and common
and celebrated all over Assam. Durga Puja is another festival celebrated with great enthusiasm. Muslims celebrate two Eids (Eid ul-Fitr and Eid al-Adha) with much eagerness all over Assam.Bihu is a series of three prominent festivals. Primarily a non-religious festival celebrated to mark the seasons and the significant points of a cultivator's life over a yearly cycle.Assam has rich tradition of performing arts. Ankiya Nat(Onkeeya Naat) is a traditional Vaishnav dance-drama (Bhaona) form popular since 15th century AD It makes use of large masks of gods, goddesses, demons and animals and in between the plays a Sutradhar (Xutrodhar) keeps on telling the story.
उत्तर प्रदेश- Uttar Pradesh:
Uttar Pradesh is one of the religious hubs of India. The state is claimed to the birthplace[citation needed] of Hinduism and its derived Vedic and Buddhist beliefs, UP has been the ancient seat of Hindu religion, learning and culture, and has many important sites of Hindu pilgrimage. The State also has several sites important to Buddhism: the Chaukhandi Stupa marks the spot where Buddha met his first disciples, while the Dhamek Stupa in Sarnath commemorates
Buddha's first sermon. Also the town of Kushinagar is where Gautama Buddha died.The state
also holds much of the heritage of the Mughal Empire, including the world famous mausoleum Taj Mahal built by Shah Jehan, the magnificent tomb of Mughal Emperor Akbar the Great in Agra and Akbar's capital-palace in Fatehpur Sikri. It was a centre of nationalism during the British colonial period and has continued to play a prominent role in Indian political and cultural movements.Kathak, a classical dance form, involving gracefully coordinated movements of feet and arms along with the entire body, grew and flourished in Uttar Pradesh.
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